Development Stages

Child learning studies is an interdisciplinary field, which studies the instruction of a nestling from conception to kidskinhood through adolescence and emerging adulthood. Child developing is divided into three broad domains physical, cognitive, and ruttish and mixer. Some experts state that child development is a continuous process charm others argue that it fol pitifuls discontinuous st geezerhoods.Recent theories on child development include information processing, which views the approximation as a complex information processing system ethology, which emphasizes the evolutionary origins and adaptive behavior Vygotskys sociocultural theory that focuses on intellectual cultural influences ecological systems theory where purlieu is believed to play a role in development and dynamic systems perspective fit to which changes in physical or social systems account for a childs behavior (Chapter 1). The characteristics of individually individual aim on their genotypes a nd environment.Chromosomes, which contain genes determine our transmitted characteristics. The child inherits two genes on each chromosome from its p arnts. The dominant gene is responsible for genetical characteristics. Chromosomal abnormalities, such as wad syndrome, occur due to errors at the epoch of meiosis. Genetic counseling helps p arnts avoid the pretend of giving birth to children with genetic defects. The childs family, economic status, neighborhood, school, and favorable usual policies play an important influence in shaping his or her personality (Chapter 2).More couples are choosing to remain childless, using birth run measures, and delaying their birth ages today compared to previous times. Children with low birth weight are much prone to heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in adulthood and high birth weight are more prone to breast genus Cancer in adulthood. Factors such as teratogens engagement of certain prescription drugs, such as thalidomide illegal drug s tobacco alcohol pictorial matter to radiation environmental pollution, infectious diseases alimentation emotional stress and maternal age shape prenatal development (Chapter 3).The Apgar tally determines a newborn childs physical condition at birth. indwelling childbirth involves preparing an expectant mother some childbirth. Various medical interventions, such as fetal monitors, forceps, and cesarean delivery incite during childbirth complications. Complications at birth efficacy cause conditions like cerebral paralysis in a newborn. Brazeltons Neonatal behavioral Assessment Scale is used to measure out the behavior of the newborn (Chapter 4).References Chapter 1 History, Theory, and query Strategies, pp. 1-76.Chapter 2 Biological and Environmental Foundations, pp. 1-67Chapter 3 Prenatal Development, pp. 1-39.Chapter 4 Birth and the newborn Baby, pp. 1-48.